Working Principle of Submerged Arc Furnace

Submerged arc furnace is also called arc furnace or resistance furnace. It is mainly used for reducing smelting raw materials such as ore, carbonaceous reducing agent and solvent.

SAF mainly produces ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy and other ferroalloys, which are important industrial raw materials and chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide in the metallurgical industry.

The working characteristics of the submerged arc furnaces are the use of carbonaceous or magnesia refractory materials as furnace lining and the use of self-baking electrodes.

Working Principle of Submerged Arc Furnace

As an industrial electric furnace of important products in the metallurgical industry.

Submerged arc furnaces uses arc heat at the end of the electrode and resistance heat of the charge or slag for smelting. Coke or other carbonaceous reducing agents are usually used to reduce useful metal elements from ores or oxides. Its main working principle is: use electric energy to melt the charge to produce metal or alloy.

SAF furnace uses carbonaceous or magnesia refractory materials as furnace lining and uses self-baking electrodes.

The electrode is inserted into the charge for submerged arc operation, and the energy of the arc and the current through the resistance of the charge generate heat to melt the metal.

During the smelting process, metal raw materials and flux (such as ore or coke) are added to the furnace one after another.

Submerged arc furnaces are usually operated intermittently, that is, smelting is carried out after adding materials, and the addition of materials is stopped after the smelting is completed. The next round of smelting is carried out after the melt in the furnace cools down.

Submerged arc furnace are used in the heavy nonferrous industry to smelt metals such as copper, nickel, lead, zinc, and tin. Generally speaking, it uses the resistance heat of the slag and works according to Joule's law. The current is sent into the furnace through the electrodes, and the conductive wiring method in the melt converts the electrical energy into thermal energy, thereby melting the charge.

The Applications of Submerged Arc Smelting Furnaces In The Metallurgical Industry As Follows:

1. Ferrosilicon production: can improve the strength and wear resistance of steel.

2. Ferromanganese production: can improve the toughness and oxidation resistance of steel.

3. Ferrochrome production: used in the manufacture of stainless steel and special alloys.

4. Production of alloy materials: a variety of metal alloys, such as ferrotungsten, ferrotitanium, etc.

5. Smelting waste & by-products: converting them into reusable materials.

6. Ore smelting: processing high-bauxite, iron ore, etc.

The application of submerged arc furnace in the metallurgical industry makes the metal smelting process more efficient and environmentally friendly, reducing the impact on the environment. 

If you want to know more detailed information, such as specific production processes or equipment parameters, feel free to contact us.

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